解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To examine the stability and compatibility of histamine H2-receptor antagonists in parenteral nutrition admixtures in order to provide well tolerated and effective therapy. RECENT FINDINGS:Many stability investigations were carried out before 2005, but no critical appraisal of published data has been...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e3280ebb427
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize recent findings that docosahexaenoate (DHA) is the precursor of stereospecific derivatives with anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties. RECENT FINDINGS:The docosahexaenoate-derived mediator neuroprotectin D1 is formed in retinal pigment epithelial cells when confronted with oxid...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e32802b7030
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Strategies used for intensive insulin therapy of critically ill patients and differences of approach according to medical condition are reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS:Acceptance of proposed glycemic targets for critically ill patients has been tempered by uncertainties about benefit of strict glycemic con...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e3280141ff4
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Poor vitamin K nutrition has recently been linked to several chronic diseases associated with abnormal calcification, which affect many elderly. To understand the impact of vitamin K nutrition on healthy aging it is necessary to assess both the determinants and the adequacy of vitamin K nutritional st...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e328011ab5f
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Vascular endothelial cells control vascular smooth muscle tone via the release of nitric oxide. Following adverse circulatory conditions, namely trauma and hemorrhage, endothelial cell dysfunction occurs, leading to a decrease in the release of endothelium-derived nitric oxide, which contributes to fu...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e328011bb1b
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The increase in obesity in developed societies drives interest in the interplay of energy intake, metabolic energy expenditure, and body energy stores. A better understanding of energy management in physically active and undernourished humans should help guide strategies to manage obesity safely and e...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000247472.72155.7c
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Folic acid is now considered an important functional food component: it lowers potentially toxic homocysteine, prevents birth defects and modulates the risk of several cancers. The complexity of interactions involved, however, means we still have much to learn about the role of folate and homocysteine...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000247468.18790.1e
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review is to highlight recent methodological advances that have helped us to understand the role of intramuscular triglycerides in human health as well as prevention and treatment of disease. In addition to both invasive (muscle biopsy) and noninvasive methods, techniques to assess...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000241664.38385.12
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Postoperative complications in gastrointestinal elective surgery have been described as low. In certain circumstances, however, such as those including high-risk patients, the incidence is higher. In such situations, bacteremia and infectious complications may be caused by translocation of either gast...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000241674.55417.c9
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The loss of skeletal muscle with injury or critical illness can be dramatic. This review emphasizes the importance of skeletal muscle as a metabolic reserve. Changes in protein metabolism with bed rest alone and during physiological stress are discussed. Nutritional and hormonal interventions that ame...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000232901.59168.e9
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To examine the results of new investigations that look at the efficacy of nutrient/training strategies on metabolism and athletic performance. RECENT FINDINGS:'Dietary periodization' involves the manipulation of macronutrient intake in association with changes in physical training. Such interventions...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000232911.69236.3b
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Congestive heart failure is increasing in prevalence and represents a major public health problem. The syndrome of advanced heart failure often includes muscle wasting, commonly termed cardiac cachexia, which is a predictor of poor outcome. Mechanisms of cardiac cachexia are poorly understood, but the...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000222103.29009.70
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To evaluate whether the diet of lactating women modulates the development of allergic disease in their children. RECENT FINDINGS:Although maternal avoidance of common food protein allergens was previously recommended for lactating women with infants predisposed to allergic disease, recent expert revi...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000222113.46042.50
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:With the increasing incidence of obesity today, related complications such as diabetes, insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis are also becoming major concerns. Since these conditions share a common factor, aberrations in lipid metabolism, understanding the molecular changes that lead to abnormal li...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000214564.59815.af
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Ergonomics in total parenteral nutrition include the work performed in the (hospital) pharmacy and on the medical ward. This article reviews the developments in total parenteral nutrition ergonomics and the related cost-savings. RECENT FINDINGS:Research focuses on the ergonomic advantages of multi-co...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000214574.82686.ac
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Improving our understanding of factors driving fat gain in young children should increase our ability to manage the rising problem of obesity. Accordingly, studies associating timing of adiposity rebound with later obesity are reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS:Investigations in many countries have confirmed ...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000168391.60884.93
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This article is intended to briefly overview available methodological approaches for the study of regional metabolism in man in vivo, and to summarize recent advances in this field of research. RECENT FINDINGS:Several methods have been developed and currently allow for the qualitative and quantitativ...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000170756.71114.78
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Dyspepsia is a common disorder that presents as persistent or recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort in the upper abdomen and originates from organic or functional causes. Heterogeneous disorders, physiopathological, psychosomatic, sociocultural, demographic and genetic components have a great impact ...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000179165.33323.18
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This article provides an overview of the most recent molecular and clinical outcomes of studies that investigate the effect of weight loss and calorie restriction on carbohydrate metabolism, obtained either by dieting or bariatric surgery. It will focus on aspects of carbohydrate metabolism related to...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000172585.09762.8e
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Occlusions of central venous catheters in service are frequent, but the random nature of the problem has resulted in a piecemeal approach to solving it. The purpose of this review is to examine what is known from past and recent publications and to recommend strategies for future investigations. RECE...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000165006.39449.1f
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Large-scale clinical trials have failed to demonstrate a benefit for vitamin E supplementation in cardiovascular prevention. This contrasts with previous epidemiological studies indicating that individuals with high vitamin E status benefit from protection against chronic illnesses, including cardiova...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200503000-00005
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The gastrointestinal tract plays an important role in the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance, and its diseases cause disturbances in that balance. Conversely, fluid and electrolyte disorders may disturb gastrointestinal function. The purpose of this review is to highlight some recent literat...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200503000-00015
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Growth hormone is a powerful anabolic hormone necessary for normal growth, but its importance in maintaining the cellular and protein mass in adult life is still unclear. However, it is viewed as a drug capable of combating the tissue loss and some metabolic derangements of aging. Growth hormone exces...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200501000-00008
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:A fundamental advance in our understanding of endocrine control of energy balance and body weight came with the discovery of the adipocyte-derived hormone leptin. The leptin pathway appeared to be the long-sought peripheral signal pathway from the adipose tissue to the brain involved in the regulation...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200411000-00007
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Cardiovascular disease is exceptionally prevalent in patients with diabetes mellitus, which is an emerging pandemic. Unfortunately, the pathogenesis of diabetic myocardial disease is still poorly understood. RECENT FINDINGS:Evidence has emerged that perturbed cardiac energy metabolism (excessive depe...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000134371.70815.32
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of the present review is to provide insights into the future therapeutic approaches to cancer-related muscle wasting that flow from the progressive knowledge of mechanisms regulating muscle mass in health and disease. RECENT FINDINGS:Cancer cachexia is a severely debilitating and life-threate...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000134366.07148.2e
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The diagnosis of aspiration and its origin in patients on enteral tube feeding is challenging to the physician and provides an important means to prevent pneumonia. This review examines the most recent studies and developments in the field with an approach to the technical aspects of diagnostic method...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200405000-00008
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Lipid sources for enteral nutrition continue to be an exciting area of investigation. It is timely to review recent developments which have largely contributed to thrust enteral feeding into a new era. RECENT FINDINGS:Although much more research needs to be done, there is a better understanding of th...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200403000-00003
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:During recent years techniques and metabolic considerations have been discussed intensively. One contributing reason is that results have not always been easy to interpret and introduce into clinical practice. Nutrition through the enteral and parenteral route has classically been compared, and this i...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200403000-00013
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The intake of water and electrolytes is inseparable from the ingestion of nutrients by normal or artificial means. Recent reports have agreed in criticizing the poor standards of practice and of training in the management of fluid and electrolyte balance, resulting in a large amount of avoidable morbi...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200401000-00006
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Obesity continues to increase around the globe, and creates a major health problem because of its comorbidities such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Considering that the major cause of most human obesities is the modern lifestyle in a rapidly changing environment, this suggests that the battle...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200311000-00002
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Malnutrition is highly prevalent in hospitalized patients. Despite this, it is not routinely assessed in most hospitals worldwide. One of the reasons that might explain this fact is that there is no gold-standard nutritional assessment tool, and much has been written advocating this or that technique....
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200309000-00006
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review depicts recent developments concerning the role of the liver in control of carbohydrate and lipid utilization from ingestion to storage; it covers the liver's influence on food intake, post-absorptive nutrient metabolism and body weight. The mechanisms involved have implications for the pa...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000078993.96795.16
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Products of infection, ischemia, and injury stimulate the innate immune system to release proinflammatory cytokines, which act locally to activate specific cellular immune responses and initiate recovery. In pathological cases, however, cytokines are released systemically, resulting in progressive tis...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000068966.34812.b9
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Infection and sepsis remain major challenges in the critically ill. How nutritional therapy can effect real clinical outcomes is not easily apparent from the clinical data. Despite reducing infectious incidence, many studies show little difference in meaningful clinical outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS:Conf...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200303000-00009
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:There is increased evidence of several impaired gastrointestinal functions with ageing. In the elderly, however, most gastrointestinal functions remain relatively intact because of the large reserve capacity of the intestine and the great secretion capacity of the pancreas. This review will focus on c...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200301000-00008
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Milk is the only biomaterial that evolved under the Darwinian selective pressure to nourish growing mammals. The purpose of this article is to review the scientific research that is using new techniques of integrating biological sequence, structure and function, to understand the innovative biology underlying the prod...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200211000-00007
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In this review methods to measure the content and distribution of body fat or adipose tissue in humans are examined. The review particularly emphasizes methods to characterize regional fat distribution and ectopic fat (fat contained within other tissues) including specific applications and implication...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200209000-00005
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The inflammatory response is essential in the response to pathogens. TNF-alpha, IL-1 and IL-6 are key mediators of the response. They initiate metabolic changes to provide nutrients for the immune system, from host tissues. These changes include hyperlipidemia and increased gluconeogenesis. Insulin re...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200209000-00015
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Skeletal muscle metabolic energy, needed to maintain contractile activity, is mainly obtained from glucose and long-chain fatty acids. Recent studies have revealed a remarkable parallel between the regulation of uptake of glucose and fatty acids by muscle, in that each is mediated by sarcolemmal trans...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200207000-00003
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00